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David Livingstone
David Livingstone was born on March 19, 1813 in Blantyre, Glasgow. He was a physician, explorer and Scottish missionary, and one of the greatest figures in the history of exploration. He established, by astronomical observations, the right situations and made reports in zoology, botany and geology. He was also known for his fight against slavery. Therefore, in Victorian Britain was regarded as a national hero.
He arrived to South Africa in 1841 as minister of the London Missionary Society. Three years later he married Mary Moffat, daughter of Scottish missionaries Mary and Robert Moffat.
After traveling for eight years around the region exercising missionary activity, he went all through the Kalahari Desert with William Cotton Oswell, he discovered Lake Ngami (1849) and reached the Zambezi River (1851). Between 1852 and 1856 he began a journey from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean, discovering on November 16, 1855 the waterfalls of the Zambezi, which the Makololo called Smoke that Thunders and Livingstone named them Victoria Falls in honor of The Queen of the United Kingdom. At that time Livingstone dedicated his life to open routes in Africa to facilitate missionary work and commercial activity, taking into consideration the importance of the navigability of the Zambezi River. He traveled to England in search of help for their project and to publish a book about his expeditions, while resigning from the missionary society that had belonged until then.
Livingstone continued his journeys until he died on May 1, 1873, in a small town of Lake Bangweulu in Zambia due to malaria and internal bleeding caused by dysentery. His body was preserved in salt and moved up to Bagamoyo, on the coast of the Indian. He was transported to England and buried in Westminster Abbey, but Africans buried his heart under a tree because they said his heart was in Africa.
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